<![CDATA[PRIVACY RESEARCH INC. - Threat Archives]]>Wed, 11 Dec 2024 10:52:53 -0600Weebly<![CDATA[Salt Typhoon: Uncovering a Sophisticated Cyber Espionage Campaign]]>Sat, 24 Aug 2024 05:00:00 GMThttp://privacyresearchinc.com/threat-archives/salt-typhoon-uncovering-a-sophisticated-cyber-espionage-campaignSalt Typhoon is a state-sponsored cyber espionage campaign first disclosed by Microsoft Threat Intelligence on August 24, 2023. This advanced threat actor, attributed to China, focuses on targeting government agencies, critical infrastructure, and maritime industries. Salt Typhoon’s precision attacks and advanced tactics make it one of the most significant cybersecurity challenges of recent times.
If you're researching cyber threats, Chinese cyber espionage, or advanced persistent threats (APTs), this write-up will give you a technical breakdown of Salt Typhoon and its global implications.

What Is Salt Typhoon? Salt Typhoon is a highly targeted cyber operation with a focus on industries of strategic geopolitical importance. Maritime sectors, vital for global trade and military operations, are a prime focus of this campaign, alongside other critical infrastructure.
Unlike broad-scale attacks, Salt Typhoon uses precision strategies to infiltrate specific systems, gain long-term access, and exfiltrate sensitive data. This targeted approach positions Salt Typhoon as a serious threat to national security and international stability.

Salt Typhoon’s Cyberattack TechniquesSalt Typhoon’s methods are a blend of sophistication and stealth. Here’s how they operate:
  1. Phishing Campaigns: Salt Typhoon employs phishing emails to trick victims into revealing login credentials or downloading malicious files.
  2. Credential Harvesting: Stolen credentials allow attackers to infiltrate systems and gain unauthorized access.
  3. Lateral Movement: Using tools like PowerShell, Mimikatz, and Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP), Salt Typhoon spreads across networks to compromise additional systems.
  4. Data Exfiltration: Sensitive data is compressed, encrypted, and sent to external command-and-control (C2) servers for analysis.
  5. Persistence Mechanisms: Backdoors and custom malware ensure long-term access to compromised systems.

Why Salt Typhoon Is a Major ThreatSalt Typhoon stands out for its focus on critical infrastructure, particularly maritime industries. These sectors play a crucial role in global trade, energy supply, and military strategy, making them a high-value target for espionage.
Cybersecurity experts emphasize that the techniques used by Salt Typhoon reflect a growing trend of state-sponsored cyberattacks aimed at disrupting strategic industries and gathering intelligence. Their focus on geopolitically sensitive sectors heightens the stakes, making this campaign a significant global concern.

Defending Against Salt TyphoonProtecting against sophisticated cyber threats like Salt Typhoon requires a multi-layered approach. Here are five critical steps organizations should take:
  1. Email Phishing Protection: Deploy advanced email security solutions to block phishing attempts and train employees to recognize suspicious emails.
  2. Zero Trust Architecture: Implement a zero-trust security model that limits access based on strict identity verification.
  3. Network Segmentation: Separate critical systems to minimize the impact of lateral movement during a breach.
  4. Threat Detection and Response: Use AI-powered threat detection tools to identify and respond to unusual activity in real-time.
  5. Incident Response Planning: Develop and regularly test a comprehensive incident response plan.
By focusing on proactive defense, organizations can reduce the risk of falling victim to Salt Typhoon’s tactics.

The Global Impact of Salt TyphoonSalt Typhoon is more than just another advanced persistent threat (APT)—it’s a case study in how cyber threats are evolving. By targeting critical infrastructure and leveraging sophisticated tools, this campaign demonstrates the increasing risks posed by Chinese cyber espionage and state-sponsored attackers worldwide.
For organizations operating in strategic industries like maritime, energy, and government sectors, the emergence of threats like Salt Typhoon highlights the need for robust cybersecurity measures. These attacks are not just about stealing data—they're about gaining influence, disrupting operations, and achieving geopolitical objectives.

Conclusion: Staying Ahead of Salt TyphoonSalt Typhoon serves as a wake-up call for organizations worldwide. Defending against such a sophisticated actor requires more than just technology—it demands vigilance, collaboration, and a commitment to staying ahead of emerging threats.
Whether you're a cybersecurity professional, a decision-maker in critical infrastructure, or simply looking to understand the landscape of state-sponsored cyberattacks, Salt Typhoon underscores the importance of robust, proactive security strategies.
Stay informed. Stay secure.

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<![CDATA[XCSSET]]>Thu, 02 Feb 2023 06:00:00 GMThttp://privacyresearchinc.com/threat-archives/xcssetXCSSET malware is a type of malware that was discovered in August 2020 that specifically targets iOS devices, such as iPhones and iPads. It is considered to be one of the most sophisticated malware that has been found on iOS devices.
This malware is spread through malicious websites, which deliver a payload that is disguised as a legitimate app. Once a user installs the app, the malware is able to take control of the device and perform a variety of malicious actions. These actions include:

  • Stealing sensitive information, such as login credentials and financial data
  • Taking screenshots of the device and sending them to the attacker
  • Recording audio and video from the device's microphone and camera
  • Encrypting files on the device and demanding payment for the decryption key
  • Injecting malicious code into legitimate apps, such as Safari and Chrome, in order to steal login credentials and other sensitive data

The malware also has the ability to spread to other iOS devices through the AirDrop feature, which allows users to share files wirelessly with other nearby devices.

XCSSET malware is particularly concerning as it has the ability to evade detection by Apple's built-in security measures and it is able to perform a wide range of malicious actions. It is important to be cautious when downloading apps and to stick to reputable app stores. Additionally, using a reputable antivirus software and regularly scanning your devices to detect any malware.

It's also important to keep your iOS software updated as Apple has release patches to fix the vulnerabilities that the malware is exploiting.

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<![CDATA[Juice Jacking]]>Sat, 28 Jan 2023 18:45:37 GMThttp://privacyresearchinc.com/threat-archives/juice-jacking"Juice jacking" is a type of cyber attack that specifically targets mobile devices, operating on iOS and Android, through their charging ports. The attack is typically executed by using a compromised charging station or cable, which can be found in public places such as airports, cafes, and hotels. When a device is connected to a compromised charging station or cable, malware can be installed onto the device, allowing the attacker to steal personal information and gain access to the device...

The term "juice jacking" was first used by Brian Krebs, a cybersecurity journalist, in 2011 when he wrote an article for his website KrebsOnSecurity.com about the potential security risks of using public USB charging stations. In the article, he warned about the possibility of malware being installed on a device through a USB charging port or cable, as well as the potential for information to be stolen from the device. His article helped raise awareness about the issue and it is still considered a potential security threat for all mobile devices

Juice jacking can also be executed through a technique known as "USB-based malware delivery" which allows attackers to install malware on a device that is connected to a computer via a USB cable. This is done by tricking the user into installing the malware, or by exploiting a vulnerability in the device's operating system.

Juice jacking can be a particular concern for iOS devices because the operating system's security features make it more difficult for malware to be installed without the user's knowledge. However, it's still important for iOS users to be aware of the potential risks associated with using public charging stations and cables, and to be cautious when connecting their devices to unknown computers or charging stations.

To protect yourself from juice jacking, you should avoid using public charging stations and cables, instead use your own charger and cable, or use a USB data blocker, which is a small device that blocks data transfer while allowing charging. Additionally, you should also keep your device updated with the latest security patches.

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<![CDATA[Mismatch]]>Sat, 28 Jan 2023 18:15:39 GMThttp://privacyresearchinc.com/threat-archives/mismatchThe "mismatch vulnerability" is a security vulnerability that affects the way some processors handle memory access. It is a variant of the well-known "speculative execution" vulnerability, which allows an attacker to access sensitive information by exploiting a weakness in the way a processor's speculative execution feature works...
The mismatch vulnerability specifically refers to a variant that occurs when a processor incorrectly predicts the outcome of a conditional branch instruction, leading to a mismatch between the actual data and the data that is speculatively accessed. This can allow an attacker to access sensitive information such as memory contents, register values, and other sensitive information that would not normally be accessible.

The vulnerability was first discovered in 2020, and it affects processors from multiple vendors, including Intel, AMD, and ARM.

The vulnerability can be exploited through a technique called "side-channel attack" which allows an attacker to infer sensitive information by monitoring the timing of operations or other microarchitectural side-effects of the processor.

There are several different ways that an attacker can exploit the mismatch vulnerability, including through a malicious website, a malicious app, or even through a malicious email attachment.

To mitigate the vulnerability, vendors have released software and firmware updates that include patches and mitigations. Additionally, operating system vendors such as Microsoft, Linux, and Apple have also released updates to address the vulnerability.

It's important to note that even with the patches and mitigations, the vulnerability is not completely eliminated, but it makes it much harder for an attacker to exploit.

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<![CDATA[Unflod Baby Panda]]>Thu, 30 Sep 2021 05:00:00 GMThttp://privacyresearchinc.com/threat-archives/january-28th-2023The Unflod Baby Panda malware has been making headlines in the cyber security world as a new threat to iOS devices. The malware, also known as "AceDeceiver," is a type of malware that targets iPhones and iPads by bypassing Apple's FairPlay digital rights management (DRM) technology. This allows attackers to install malicious apps on non-jailbroken iOS devices.

The Unflod Baby Panda malware is spread through a three-step process:

  1. The attacker creates a malicious app that is disguised as a legitimate app and uploads it to a third-party app store.
  2. The victim is prompted to download the app from the third-party app store.
  3. Once the app is installed, the malware is able to take control of the device and perform a wide range of malicious actions, such as steal personal information, display unwanted ads, and download additional malware.


One of the most concerning aspects of the Unflod Baby Panda malware is that it is able to persist on the device even after it is rebooted. This makes it difficult to remove, and it can continue to steal personal information and perform other malicious actions. Additionally, the malware is able to bypass Apple's FairPlay DRM technology, which is designed to prevent the installation of malicious apps on iOS devices.

So, what can you do to protect yourself from the Unflod Baby Panda malware? The first step is to be cautious when downloading apps and to stick to reputable app stores like the Apple's App Store. Additionally, using a reputable antivirus software and regularly scanning your devices to detect any malware is also important.

Finally, keeping your iOS software updated can help protect against known vulnerabilities that are being exploited by malware like Unflod Baby Panda.
In addition, it's also important to be aware of phishing attempts, which can also be used to spread malware. Be cautious when opening any suspicious emails or clicking on any links. Don't open any email that is from an unknown sender, and do not click on any links that look suspicious.

It's important to remember that malware threats are constantly evolving, so it's crucial to stay informed and take steps to protect yourself. By being aware of the Unflod Baby Panda malware and taking steps to protect yourself, you can help keep your iOS device secure.

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<![CDATA[AceDeceiver]]>Sat, 31 Jul 2021 05:00:00 GMThttp://privacyresearchinc.com/threat-archives/acedeceiverAceDeceiver malware is a type of malware that targets iOS devices such as iPhones and iPads. It was first discovered in 2015 by the cyber security company "Palo Alto Networks". The malware is spread through a technique called "FairPlay Man-in-the-Middle" (MitM), which allows attackers to install malicious apps on non-jailbroken iOS devices.

The malware is spread through a three-step process:

  1. The attacker creates a malicious app that is disguised as a legitimate app and uploads it to a third-party app store.
  2. The victim is prompted to download the app from the third-party app store.
  3. Once the app is installed, the malware is able to take control of the device and perform a wide range of malicious actions, such as steal personal information, display unwanted ads, and download additional malware.

The AceDeceiver malware is particularly concerning because it is able to bypass Apple's FairPlay digital rights management (DRM) technology, which is designed to prevent the installation of malicious apps on iOS devices. Additionally, the malware is able to persist on the device even after it is rebooted, which makes it difficult to remove.
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<![CDATA[Silver Sparrow]]>Sun, 28 Feb 2021 06:00:00 GMThttp://privacyresearchinc.com/threat-archives/silver-sparrowRecently, a new malware named "Silver Sparrow" has been discovered targeting both M1 and Intel-based Macs, including iPhones and iPads. This sophisticated malware is believed to be the first to target Apple's new M1 chip and has been found active in more than 30 countries, including the United States, Canada, Germany, the UK and France.

What makes Silver Sparrow unique?

What makes Silver Sparrow unique is its use of JavaScript for payload execution, a technique that has not been seen before in other macOS malware. The malware also uses a launch agent to execute the payload, which makes it difficult to detect and remove. While the primary objective of Silver Sparrow is not clear, it has been found to be downloading a secondary payload from a command and control server. This payload has not been found yet, which makes it hard to understand the true nature of this malware. It is believed that this malware could be used for data exfiltration, espionage or ransomware.

It's important to note that Silver Sparrow is being distributed through malicious ads on websites, and clicking on these ads can lead to the download and installation of the malware on the device. This highlights the importance of employee education and training to ensure they are aware of the dangers of clicking on suspicious ads or links.

To protect your company from Silver Sparrow, it's important to implement a multi-layered security approach. This includes employing PrivacyCase technology anywhere sensitive conversations, meetings or planning sessions are taking place. Being cautious when browsing the internet, keeping software updated, using a reputable antivirus software to scan devices, and being aware of any suspicious activity on devices. Additionally, practice good cyber hygiene by using strong passwords, enabling two-factor authentication, and avoiding sharing sensitive information online.

It's your responsibility to ensure the safety and security of your company's sensitive information. The discovery of Silver Sparrow malware targeting both M1 and Intel-based Macs, including iPhones and iPads, is a reminder that cyber threats are constantly evolving and it's important to stay informed and take steps to protect your company.

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<![CDATA[MoqHao]]>Fri, 31 Jan 2020 06:00:00 GMThttp://privacyresearchinc.com/threat-archives/moqhaoMoqHao" malware is a mobile malware that is primarily spread through infected apps. It is capable of stealing sensitive information such as login credentials, financial information, and personal data from infected devices. It can also perform other malicious actions such as displaying ads, forwarding SMS messages, and making phone calls...

It has been found to primarily target Android devices and can be distributed through third-party app stores and malicious websites. It is typically disguised as legitimate apps such as games, social media apps, and productivity tools.

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<![CDATA[Sosumi]]>Tue, 31 Dec 2019 06:00:00 GMThttp://privacyresearchinc.com/threat-archives/sosumiSosumi malware is a type of malware that specifically targets Apple devices, such as Macs, iPhones, and iPads. It is not a well-known malware and information about it is limited.

Sosumi malware is believed to be distributed through phishing emails or malicious websites that trick users into downloading and installing the malware on their device. Once installed, the malware can potentially steal personal information, track the device's location, and perform other malicious activities...

It is not clear when this malware was first discovered or how widespread it is currently, but it is likely that it is still active. There is no known way to detect if a device is infected with Sosumi malware, but it is recommended to be careful when clicking on links in emails or on websites, and to avoid downloading and installing apps or software from untrusted sources.

It is also important to keep your Apple software updated, as new updates may include security patches to protect against known malware. Additionally, you can use reputable antivirus software to scan your device, and practice good cyber hygiene by using strong passwords, enabling two-factor authentication, and avoiding sharing sensitive information online.

However, it should be mentioned that there is a legitimate app for Mac OS X called "Sosumi" that is not malware, the app is a free, open-source replacement for the "Find My iPhone" app, so if you are hearing about Sosumi malware, you should be sure you have the right information.

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<![CDATA[Checkra1n]]>Tue, 31 Dec 2019 06:00:00 GMThttp://privacyresearchinc.com/threat-archives/january-28th-20238888705Checkra1n is a jailbreak tool that allows users to jailbreak various versions of iOS, the operating system that runs on Apple's iPhone, iPad, and iPod Touch devices. The jailbreak tool was first released in 2019 and is based on a bootrom exploit called checkm8. This exploit allows the jailbreak to persist even after a firmware update, meaning that it can jailbreak even the latest version of iOS that is currently available...
A jailbreak is a process that allows iOS users to gain access to the root file system of their device, giving them the ability to install third-party apps, themes, and extensions that are not available through the official Apple App Store. Jailbreaking an iOS device also allows users to customize their device in ways that are not possible with the standard version of iOS.

Checkra1n is compatible with a wide range of iOS devices, including the iPhone 5s to the iPhone X, and all iPad Air and iPad mini models. It is also compatible with multiple versions of iOS, including versions from iOS 12.3 to iOS 14.3.

It is important to note that jailbreaking your iOS device can make it more vulnerable to malware and other security threats, as it provides a way for malicious software to bypass the built-in security features of the device. Additionally, jailbreaking can also void the device's warranty and may cause compatibility issues with apps and services.

The Checkra1n jailbreak tool is an open-source project and is available for both Windows and Mac computers. However, it requires a computer to jailbreak the device, and it's important to follow the instructions carefully to avoid any errors or bricking of the device.

It's worth noting that jailbreaking is not something that is recommended for general users, it's intended for developers and advanced users who understand the risks and are willing to take them. Additionally, Apple has patched the checkm8 exploit on the A11 and newer devices, which means that checkra1n can't be used on those devices.

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<![CDATA[Masque Attack]]>Mon, 30 Sep 2019 05:00:00 GMThttp://privacyresearchinc.com/threat-archives/january-28th-20231438228Masque Attack is a type of security vulnerability that affects iOS devices. It was first discovered in 2014 by FireEye, a cyber security company. The vulnerability allows attackers to install malicious apps on a victim's device that can steal sensitive information and perform other malicious actions. The vulnerability is caused by a weakness in iOS's app installation process, which allows malicious apps to replace legitimate apps that are already installed on a user's device...
Masque Attack works by tricking users into installing a malicious app on their device, typically by disguising it as a legitimate app. Once installed, the malicious app can take advantage of the same permissions as the legitimate app, allowing it to access sensitive data such as contacts, text messages, and location information. The malware can also access the microphone, camera, and other sensitive data.

The vulnerability can be exploited by attackers in a number of ways, including:

  • Sending phishing emails that contain a link to a malicious app
  • Creating a fake version of a popular app and publishing it on a third-party app store
  • Creating a malicious app that appears to be a legitimate app and publishing it on a third-party app store

Apple has released several updates to iOS to address the vulnerability, which includes a feature that alerts users when an app attempts to replace a legitimate app.

To protect your device from Masque Attack and similar vulnerabilities, it is important to only download apps from the official Apple App Store, to be cautious when receiving emails or messages that contain links, and to keep your device updated with the latest security patches. Additionally, users can use a mobile security software to detect and remove malware.
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<![CDATA[CheckM8]]>Mon, 30 Sep 2019 05:00:00 GMThttp://privacyresearchinc.com/threat-archives/checkm8Checkm8 is a low-level bootrom exploit that affects devices with Apple A5 to A11 chipsets, including the iPhone 4S to the iPhone X. The exploit allows for jailbreaking, which is the process of removing software restrictions imposed by Apple on iOS, tvOS and watchOS. Once jailbroken, users can install any software they want on the device, including apps and tweaks that are not available through the official Apple App Store...
The exploit was discovered and released by a security researcher known as "axi0mX" in September 2019. The exploit is considered to be a significant discovery as it is a hardware-based exploit and cannot be patched by Apple through software updates. This means that devices that are affected by the exploit will remain vulnerable even if they are running the latest version of iOS.

Checkm8 exploit can also be used for malicious purposes, such as installing malware, hacking or stealing personal information from the device.
It is important to note that jailbreaking your device can void your warranty and may also make your device more vulnerable to malware and other security threats. Additionally, jailbreaking can cause the device to become unstable and may lead to data loss or other issues.

To protect against Checkm8 exploit, it is recommended that users do not jailbreak their device and ensure that their device is running the latest version of iOS. Additionally, users can use a mobile security software to detect and remove malware, and be aware of any suspicious activity on their device.

Also, it's important to be aware that Checkm8 exploit is used in forensic and security research, and can be used by government agencies and law enforcement to access the data on locked or damaged devices.

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<![CDATA[AcePyder]]>Mon, 30 Sep 2019 05:00:00 GMThttp://privacyresearchinc.com/threat-archives/acepyderAcePyder is a new iOS malware that was discovered in September 2019. It is specifically targeting iPhone users in China. The malware is spread through third-party app stores and once it infects a device, it can steal login credentials, bank account details, and other sensitive information. It is also capable of intercepting network traffic from the device...
AcePyder uses a technique called "sandboxing evasion" which helps it to evade detection by common anti-virus software. It hides its malicious code inside a legitimate app, making it difficult to detect. Once installed, it can steal login credentials, bank account details, and other sensitive information. It can also intercept all network traffic from the device, and can even persist even after a device is reset to factory settings.

The malware is believed to have been developed by a Chinese APT group. The group behind this malware is known to have been active for several years and is known for its advanced techniques and the ability to evade detection.

To protect against AcePyder and other types of malware, it is recommended that users do not download apps from untrusted sources and be wary of clicking on links in emails or text messages. It is also recommended to keep your iOS device updated to the latest version of iOS, as well as use mobile security software to detect and remove malware. Additionally, it is a good practice to use a reputable VPN service to encrypt your network traffic and ensure that your personal data is protected.

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<![CDATA[Tinian]]>Sat, 31 Aug 2019 05:00:00 GMThttp://privacyresearchinc.com/threat-archives/tinianTinian malware is a new malware that was discovered in August 2019 and it targets iOS devices specifically those of Chinese users. The malware is spread through a malicious version of Apple's iTunes software and once it infects a device, it can steal login credentials, bank account details, and other sensitive information. It's capable of persist even after a device is reset to factory settings, this is achieved by installing itself as a root certificate, which allows it to intercept all network traffic from the device. The malware is believed to have been developed by a Chinese APT group...

Once the malware is installed on the device it can steal login credentials, bank account details, and other sensitive information. It can also intercept all network traffic from the device, and can even persist even after a device is reset to factory settings.

The malware is spread through a malicious version of Apple's iTunes software, specifically it was discovered in a version of the iTunes client that was being distributed on third-party app stores in China. It's believed that the malware was developed by Chinese APT group (Advanced Persistent Threat) which is a type of cyber attack typically associated with state-sponsored hackers.

To protect against the Tinian malware and other types of malware, it is recommended that users do not download apps from untrusted sources and be wary of clicking on links in emails or text messages. It is also recommended to keep your iOS device updated to the latest version of iOS, as well as use mobile security software to detect and remove malware.

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<![CDATA[Shlayer]]>Thu, 31 Jan 2019 06:00:00 GMThttp://privacyresearchinc.com/threat-archives/shlayerShlayer is a type of malware that specifically targets Apple's iOS operating system. It is typically distributed through malicious websites or spam email campaigns and is designed to install unwanted software or steal personal information from infected devices. Once installed, Shlayer malware can be used to display unwanted ads, collect personal information, or perform other malicious actions. It is known to be able to evade Apple's built-in security measures, making it a serious threat to iOS users...
Shlayer malware is delivered through various methods, including via a malicious link in a spam email, disguised as a legitimate app in third-party app stores, or through a vulnerability in an outdated version of an app. Once a device is infected, the malware can install unwanted apps, display unwanted ads, or steal personal information. It can also open a backdoor for the attackers to gain access to the device, giving them the ability to install additional malicious software or access sensitive information.
To protect yourself from Shlayer malware and other types of malware, it's important to keep your iOS device updated with the latest security patches and to be cautious when clicking on links or downloading apps from untrusted sources. It's also recommended to only download apps from the official Apple App Store and to avoid jailbreaking your device, as jailbroken devices are more susceptible to malware.

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<![CDATA[Gustuff]]>Thu, 31 Jan 2019 06:00:00 GMThttp://privacyresearchinc.com/threat-archives/gustuff"Gustuff" malware is a banking malware that was discovered in 2019 which specifically targets Android devices. It is spread through phishing campaigns, social engineering and malicious websites that trick victims into installing a malicious app...
Gustuff is able to steal login credentials, credit card information and other sensitive information from infected devices. It can also perform various malicious actions, such as intercepting SMS messages, recording phone calls, and exfiltrating data from the device.

Gustuff is able to target a large number of banking apps and mobile payment systems, as well as apps related to cryptocurrency, e-commerce, and financial management. It is also able to bypass two-factor authentication.

In order to protect yourself from Gustuff malware, it is important to only download apps from official app stores, be cautious of links or attachments in emails or text messages, especially from unknown or untrusted sources. Keep your device's software up to date and use mobile security software to detect and remove malware.
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<![CDATA[Pegasus]]>Thu, 31 Jan 2019 06:00:00 GMThttp://privacyresearchinc.com/threat-archives/pegasusPegasus is a highly sophisticated and stealthy mobile malware that has been used to target iOS devices such as iPhones and iPads. First discovered in 2016, the malware is spread through phishing attacks, where the victim is sent an SMS message or an email with a link to a malicious website that prompts them to install a legitimate-looking app. Once the app is installed, the malware can take control of the device and perform a wide range of malicious actions, including:

  • Collecting information from the device, such as contacts, messages, and location data
  • Activating the device's microphone and camera to record audio and video
  • Sending the collected information to a command and control server
  • Installing additional malware on the device
  • Attempting to evade detection by security software and monitoring tools

Pegasus malware is particularly concerning because it is able to evade detection by Apple's built-in security measures and it is able to perform a wide range of malicious actions. It is also able to exfiltrate data even in cases where the device is not jailbroken and it can also exploit zero-day vulnerabilities to gain access to the device.

NSO Group has been known to sell its malware to governments and intelligence agencies, which raises concerns about the potential misuse of the malware. In addition, Pegasus malware has been used in targeted attacks against human rights activists, journalists and political dissidents.
It's important to be cautious when downloading apps and to stick to reputable app stores. Additionally, using a reputable antivirus software and regularly scanning your devices to detect any malware. Also, keeping your iOS software updated can help protect against known vulnerabilities that are being exploited by malware like Pegasus.

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<![CDATA[Unc0ver]]>Mon, 31 Dec 2018 06:00:00 GMThttp://privacyresearchinc.com/threat-archives/unc0verunc0ver is a jailbreak tool that allows users to gain access to the root file system of an iOS device and install apps, tweaks, and themes that are not available through the official Apple App Store. The jailbreak tool is compatible with a wide range of iOS versions, including iOS 11 to iOS 14.5 and supports all devices that use A5 to A13 chipsets, which includes the iPhone 4S to the iPhone 12...
The jailbreak tool was first released in December 2018 by a group of developers known as "Pwn20wnd" and "Sam Bingner". The jailbreak uses a combination of kernel and userland exploits to gain access to the root file system of the device.

unc0ver is considered to be one of the most stable and reliable jailbreaks available for iOS and it is constantly updated to support the latest iOS versions and devices.

As with any jailbreak, using unc0ver can void your warranty and may make your device more vulnerable to malware and other security threats. Additionally, jailbreaking can cause the device to become unstable and may lead to data loss or other issues. It's also important to note that jailbreaking an iOS device can be illegal in some countries or regions.

To protect against the potential risks of jailbreaking, it is recommended that users do not jailbreak their device and ensure that their device is running the latest version of iOS. Additionally, users can use a mobile security software to detect and remove malware and be aware of any suspicious activity on their device.

It's also important to note that jailbreaking tools like unc0ver, can be used in forensic and security research and can be used by government agencies and law enforcement to access the data on locked or damaged devices.

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<![CDATA[Meltdown]]>Mon, 31 Dec 2018 06:00:00 GMThttp://privacyresearchinc.com/threat-archives/meltdownMeltdown is a security vulnerability that affects processors that use speculative execution, which is a technique used to improve performance by predicting the outcome of instructions before they are executed. The vulnerability was first discovered in 2018, and it affects processors from multiple vendors, including Intel, AMD, and ARM...
In the case of iOS specifically, it affects all iOS devices that are powered by an affected processor, which includes iPhones and iPads. The vulnerability allows an attacker to access sensitive information from the kernel memory, which is the part of the memory that is used by the operating system to manage the system's resources. This can include sensitive information such as login credentials, cryptographic keys, and other sensitive data.

Apple released an update to iOS 11.2 to fix the vulnerability. However, it's important to note that the vulnerability cannot be completely eliminated by a software update, as the vulnerability is caused by a design flaw in the affected processors.

As a result, Apple has also implemented additional mitigations in iOS to help protect against this vulnerability. These include a technique called kernel page table isolation (KPTI), which separates the kernel memory from the user memory, making it more difficult for an attacker to access the kernel memory.

It's worth noting that Meltdown is not the only vulnerability that affects speculative execution, there are other speculative execution vulnerabilities such as Spectre, and ZombieLoad that were discovered in 2018 and 2019, which also have the same kind of impact and solution.

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<![CDATA[ZombieLoad]]>Thu, 28 Jun 2018 05:00:00 GMThttp://privacyresearchinc.com/threat-archives/zombieloadZombieLoad is a set of security vulnerabilities that affect processors that use speculative execution, which is a technique used to improve performance by predicting the outcome of instructions before they are executed. The vulnerability was first discovered in 2018 and affects processors from multiple vendors, including Intel and AMD...
ZombieLoad, also known as Microarchitectural Data Sampling (MDS), was first discovered in 2018 by researchers from several institutions, including Graz University of Technology, the Technical University of Munich, and the University of Adelaide. The researchers published a paper in May 2018 detailing the vulnerabilities, which led to the discovery of the ZombieLoad attack.

The vulnerability allows an attacker to access sensitive information from the memory, including sensitive information such as login credentials, cryptographic keys, and other sensitive data. The vulnerability is caused by a design flaw in the affected processors that allows an attacker to exploit the speculative execution process to access the data.

As for iOS, Apple has released a security update to iOS 12.4.1 and later to help protect against ZombieLoad. Apple has also worked with browser vendors to help mitigate the risk of ZombieLoad attacks through web browsers. It's important to keep your device updated with the latest security updates to ensure that your device is protected against these vulnerabilities. It is important to note that the vulnerability cannot be completely eliminated by a software update, as the vulnerability is caused by a design flaw in the affected processors. As a result, vendors have released microcode updates and software updates to mitigate the risk of the vulnerability.

It's important to keep your device updated with the latest security updates to ensure that your device is protected against these vulnerabilities. Additionally, Apple has also worked with browser vendors to help mitigate the risk of ZombieLoad attacks through web browsers.

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<![CDATA[Spectre]]>Wed, 03 Jan 2018 06:00:00 GMThttp://privacyresearchinc.com/threat-archives/spectreSpectre is a security vulnerability that affects processors that use speculative execution, which is a technique used to improve performance by predicting the outcome of instructions before they are executed. The vulnerability was first discovered in 2018, and it affects processors from multiple vendors, including Intel, AMD, and ARM...
Spectre was first publicly disclosed on January 3, 2018. It was discovered by a team of researchers from Google's Project Zero, the Graz University of Technology in Austria, and a number of other academic and research institutions. The researchers reported the vulnerability to the affected vendors, including Apple, before the details were made public.

In the case of iOS specifically, it affects all iOS devices that are powered by an affected processor, which includes iPhones and iPads. The vulnerability allows an attacker to access sensitive information from the memory, which can include sensitive information such as login credentials, cryptographic keys, and other sensitive data.

Apple released an update to iOS 11.2 to fix the vulnerability. However, it's important to note that the vulnerability cannot be completely eliminated by a software update, as the vulnerability is caused by a design flaw in the affected processors.

As a result, Apple has also implemented additional mitigations in iOS to help protect against this vulnerability. These include a technique called bounds check bypass (BCB), which separates the kernel memory from the user memory, making it more difficult for an attacker to access the kernel memory.
It's worth noting that Spectre is not the only vulnerability that affects speculative execution, there are other speculative execution vulnerabilities such as Meltdown, and ZombieLoad that were discovered in 2018 and 2019, which also have the same kind of impact and solution.

It's important to keep your iOS device updated with the latest security updates to ensure that your device is protected against these vulnerabilities. Additionally, Apple has also worked with browser vendors to help mitigate the risk of Spectre attacks through web browsers.

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<![CDATA[Fleeceware]]>Sun, 31 Dec 2017 06:00:00 GMThttp://privacyresearchinc.com/threat-archives/fleecewareFleeceware typically disguises itself as a free or low-cost app, but once downloaded, it prompts users to sign up for a free trial or a low-cost subscription. However, these subscriptions often have hidden terms that result in much higher charges, often on a recurring basis. Additionally, the apps are often difficult to unsubscribe from and may not even offer a clear way to do so...
Fleeceware apps are often found on the Apple App Store, but can also be distributed through third-party app stores or phishing campaigns. The apps can be difficult to detect, as they may appear to be legitimate and may not exhibit any malicious behavior until after the user has agreed to the subscription.

To protect yourself from Fleeceware, it is important to read reviews and do research on apps before downloading them, be cautious of apps that offer free trials or low-cost subscriptions, pay attention to the terms and conditions of any subscription you sign up for, and always check your device's settings for active subscriptions. Additionally, it is important to keep your device's software up to date and to only download apps from trusted sources.

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<![CDATA[Clicker Trojan]]>Sun, 31 Dec 2017 06:00:00 GMThttp://privacyresearchinc.com/threat-archives/clicker-trojanThe Clicker Trojan is a type of malware that targets devices. It is designed to generate fraudulent ad clicks on a user's device without their knowledge or consent.

Once the Trojan is installed on a device, it can hide itself and run in the background, constantly generating ad clicks. This can lead to significant financial losses for the affected users, as well as for the legitimate advertisers whose ads are being clicked on fraudulently...
The Clicker Trojan is often spread through phishing scams, in which users are tricked into clicking on a link or downloading an app that is infected with the malware. It can also be spread through third-party app stores, which are not as strictly moderated as the official Apple App Store.

The Trojan is capable of stealing personal information from the device and can also download other malicious apps and payloads. It can also prevent the installation of security updates and persist even after a device is reset to factory settings.

To protect against the Clicker Trojan and other types of malware, it is recommended that users do not download apps from untrusted sources and be wary of clicking on links in emails or text messages. It is also recommended to keep your iOS device updated to the latest version of iOS, as well as use mobile security software to detect and remove malware.

It's important to note that the Clicker Trojan is not a common malware and the knowledge of it is limited. It's also important to be vigilant and always keep your device updated and to use caution when downloading apps or clicking on links from untrusted sources.
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<![CDATA[Sonic Spy]]>Sun, 31 Dec 2017 06:00:00 GMThttp://privacyresearchinc.com/threat-archives/sonic-spySonicSpy is a type of mobile malware that infects the Android operating system. It is primarily distributed through third-party app stores and can also be spread through phishing messages and social engineering tactics.

Once installed on the device...
Once installed on a device, SonicSpy can gain access to sensitive information such as text messages, contacts, and call logs, as well as record phone calls and audio from the device's microphone, take photos and videos using the device's camera, and remotely control the infected device.

It was first discovered in 2017 by mobile security firm Lookout, and it was found to have been primarily distributed in the middle east. SonicSpy malware is known to have been used to target individuals in the Middle East and it was found in multiple apps available on third-party app stores.

SonicSpy has been found to have multiple capabilities, including:

  • Remotely accessing the device's camera and microphone
  • Recording phone calls
  • Sending and intercepting text messages
  • Remotely controlling the device
  • Exfiltrating personal data from the device
  • Downloading and installing additional apps
  • Updating itself

SonicSpy malware is a sophisticated malware that was found to have used various methods to evade detection, such as using encryption and code obfuscation, as well as using legitimate developer credentials. It is important to be careful when downloading apps, especially from third-party app stores, and to keep the device security updated. In addition, it is important to be wary of suspicious messages and emails, and to not click on links or download attachments from unknown or untrusted sources.

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<![CDATA[BroadPwn]]>Sun, 31 Dec 2017 06:00:00 GMThttp://privacyresearchinc.com/threat-archives/january-28th-20233022583Broadpwn is a vulnerability that is affecting Broadcom's series of WiFi chips. These chips are used in a wide range of devices including smartphones, tablets, laptops, and routers. The vulnerability allows an attacker to remotely execute code on affected devices without any user interaction, by crafting a specially-crafted WiFi packet and sending it to the device over the air...
The vulnerability specifically affects the firmware running on the WiFi chip, and allows an attacker to take control of the device by executing arbitrary code with system privileges. This could allow an attacker to steal sensitive information, install malware, or take control of the device.

The vulnerability affects devices running Android, iOS, and Windows, as well as some routers and other networking equipment. Many manufacturers have released patches to address the vulnerability, and users are advised to update their devices to the latest software version to protect against the vulnerability.

Broadpwn was considered as a serious vulnerability and can be used in a wormable exploit, meaning the exploit can spread from device to device. It was patched by both Apple and Google in their respective OS versions.

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